Development of Campus Bus Tracker Firmware using GNSS Module on the STM32 Platform

This paper aims to evaluate the performance of the GNSS module Teseo-LIV3FL and develop firmware for tracking the Gadjah Mada Bus using the STM32 platform. The evaluation was conducted by configuring the module to receive signals from various GNSS constellations such as GPS, BeiDou, Galileo, and QZSS. The test results indicated that the best scenario was found in open space with the HDOP value within an ideal range and VDOP and PDOP values within the excellent range. Additionally, this research also tested the performance of the low-power mode algorithm on the GNSS module. The algorithm enabled the module to operate with a current of 15 µA in standby mode with a maximum standby time of 5 minutes before the module lost fixation completely. Finally, the developed firmware was tested directly on Route 1B of the Gadjah Mada Bus. Based on the testing, the system was found capable of accurately determining the bus’s position, and the geofencing feature functioned well.