A Dynamic Multi-Objective Model for Emergency Shelter Relief System Design Integrating the Supply and Demand Sides

Rapid response to emergency needs through an efficient emergency shelter relief system is crucial to mitigate the impact of disasters in affected areas. This paper discusses the location of different types of emergency shelter, the allocation of evacuees, and the assignment of materials on demand in layers. Based on the proposed conceptual framework for emergency relief at three levels, the method provides for three recursive mechanisms: (1) the number of evacuees and materials demand forecasting, (2) shelter location and evacuee allocation, and (3) materials assignment. The paper formulates a hybrid algorithm by proposing fuzzy clustering, multi-objective and dynamic models. The objectives of the proposition are to minimize the number of shelters selected and the evacuation distance and maximize the satisfaction rate of materials demand. The robustness and performance of the proposed model are illustrated by a numerical study of an actual large-scale earthquake in China. The framework can ensure that emergency rescue operations are carried out orderly and efficiently.