Microbial nanoenzymes: Features and applications

Enzymes are commonly utilized in industry due to their efficiency, which is essentially extremely substantial. Natural enzymes literally have various limitations, so there is a need to look for a better alternative, which can be found as “nanozymes,” a type of artificial enzyme that mostly imitates the catalytic processes occurring in living systems and has some of the properties of nanomaterials. So far, 300 nanozymes have been found in a big way. Metal sulfide nanozymes, metal-based nanozymes, and carbon-based nanozymes are regarded as the three principal categories of nanozymes, depending on material type. They have several primary uses in a variety of spheres of life, ranging from agriculture to biosensing on a large scale. They serve a major role in the realm of the environment for detecting heavy metal ions, molecules, and contaminants, which is, for all intents and purposes, rather significant. Contrary to popular belief, nanoenzymes are effective antioxidants, antibiotics, antibacterial agents, cardioprotectants, and cancer treatments in the medical profession. Not only have they mostly stopped here, but further research is being conducted to make them even more impactful for true human welfare.