Improved Power Sharing and Energy Management Platform in Microgrid Considering Stochastic Dynamic Behavior of the Electric Vehicles

In this study, an improved model of optimal power sharing and energy management as well as total harmonic distortion (THD) control in AC microgrids in order to control the voltage and frequency parameters by considering the random behavior of electric vehicles (EVs) is presented. The proposed model is developed based on the primary and secondary controller. The primary controller is planned with the purpose of optimal powersharing, reduction of feeder's impedance mismatch and also THD reduction. The primary controller is modeled with the hybrid Event-Triggered approach and virtual impedance method. The secondary controller has been modeled using the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm with the aim of reducing the power distribution error and optimizing the virtual impedance parameters, as well as considering the participation of EVs in the stochastic power flow equations. In addition to comparing the performance of the proposed model with conventional methods, it has also been compared with other meta-heuristic methods. The results of this have been verified in two software environments (MATLAB/Simulink) and experimental setup (dSPACE model 1202) in different scenarios and also the stability of the proposed model based on the Nyquist stability criterion, the Root Locus method and small signal analysis has been presented.