Enhanced in vivo wound healing efficacy and excellent antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant and anticancer activities via AgNPs@PCS

Today, wound healing is an important clinical problem that is often affected by micro-bial infection and not paying attention to this problem can cause irreparable damage to people. Biosynthesis of metal nanoparticles (NPs) has created a huge revolution in the field of nanomedicine due to their non-toxic, biocompatible, and stable characteristics. For this purpose, in this study, Petroselinum crispum seed extract (PCS) was applied to preparation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs@PCS). The optimization of the silver nanoparticle synthesis involved adjusting the con-centration of the silver salt, as well as the time and temperature parameters. After identifying the fabricated nanoparticles by FESEM, XRD, FT-IR, UV-Vis, TEM and EDS, their biological activity (like antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, anticancer, and wound treatment) was deter-mined. The green synthesis of AgNPs was confirmed by several characteristics, including the surface plasmon response with a peak around 420 nm, the presence of both regular and heterogeneous sizes in the sample, and the observed color change from a clear solution to a brown color. The antimicrobial properties of the biofabricated AgNPs were investigated against fungal and various bacteria. The anticancer property of AgNPs@PCS was demonstrated by an IC50 value of 200 mg/ml after a 24-hour exposure on the MCF-7 cell line. Also, a dose-dependent antioxidant per-formance of AgNPs was found against the DPPH free radical. Histopathological evaluations of AgNPs@PCS ointment illustrated significant decrease in inflammatory cells. The results showed that vaseline ointment containing AgNPs@PCS prevented inflammation in the wound area and increased the number of fibroblast cells, which led to accelerated wound healing. Furthermore, in-vivo investigation showed the higher percentage of wound closure on days 7 and 14 was than the control group (Vaseline). Interestingly, the wound was completely closed after 21 days. Thus, we concluded that Petroselinum crispum-mediated silver nanoparticles show potential biological activity which can be used as nano-drug in clinical treatment. & COPY; 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of King Saud University. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).