Mapping, measuring, and valuing the benefits of nature-based solutions in cities

A benefit of using nature-based solutions in cities is that they often provide multiple co-benefits in addition to helping solve the original “problem.” For example, a new urban park can provide not only more equitable access to outdoor recreational opportunities, but also it can help cool the surrounding neighborhood, provide flood protection, mitigate climate change, and improve the mental and physical health of those with access to it. Mapping, measuring, and valuing the benefits provided by nature-based solutions can provide useful information to municipal leaders as they weigh options. In this chapter, we introduce the theory and practice of valuation - in both monetary and non-monetary terms - of nature-based solutions in cities. We detail examples of using practical approaches and tools in China and the United States and close by highlighting barriers and opportunities to (re)designing equitable, livable, sustainable cities.