Urotropine-triggered multi-reactive sites in carbon nanotubes towards efficient electrochemical hydrogen peroxide synthesis

•Designed a series of 2e- ORR carbon-based catalyst by a urotropine-doped strategy.•Urotropine provided the isolating O2 active sites and excited the new O2 active sites.•Hydrogen bonds stabilized “end-on” adsorption mode of O2 on the multi-active sites.•Urotropine-modified carbon-based catalysts showed a superior 2e− ORR performance.