Safety DV-hop Positioning Algorithm of Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks Based on Nesterov Accelerated Gradient Descent Method

Abstract Before sensing and transmitting data, the underwater nodes need to calculate and estimate their location information through anchor nodes with known locations. The ranging-free positioning algorithm DV-hop can be applied to the underwater wireless sensor network in a relatively poor environment, which is not required high positioning accuracy. However, some anchor nodes may be destroyed and utilized to deter unknown nodes’ precise positioning in the underwater confrontation scenario. Therefore, we propose a computationally efficient algorithm for determining the location of sensor nodes in harsh and confrontational underwater environments and resisting non-cooperative network attacks. This algorithm integrates Nesterov accelerated gradient descent (NAG) into the DV-hop positioning algorithm and prunes the data by selecting the measurement inconsistency to get better positioning accuracy and higher security. The simulation experiment confirms that our proposed algorithm has better measurement accuracy in the underwater environment than the existing algorithms.