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In Pursuit of Giants: II. Evolution of Dusty Quiescent Galaxies over the Last Six Billion Years from the Hcosmos Survey

Astronomy and Astrophysics(2023)SCI 2区

Natl Ctr Nucl Res | St Marys Univ | Univ British Columbia | SISSA | Univ Florida | Univ Edinburgh | Univ Arizona | Seoul Natl Univ | Univ Paris Saclay | Max Planck Inst Astrophys

Cited 3|Views52
Abstract
The physical mechanisms that link the termination of star formation in quiescent galaxies and the evolution of their baryonic components, stars, and the interstellar medium (ISM; dust, gas, and metals) are poorly constrained beyond the local Universe. In this work, we characterise the evolution of the dust content in 545 quiescent galaxies observed at 0.1 < z < 0.6 as part of the hCOSMOS spectroscopic redshift survey. This is, to date, the largest sample of quiescent galaxies at intermediate redshifts for which the dust, stellar, and metal abundances are consistently estimated. We analyse how the crucial markers of a galaxy dust life cycle, such as specific dust mass (M-dust/M-star), evolve with different physical parameters, namely gas-phase metallicity (Z(gas)), time since quenching (t(quench)), stellar mass (M-star), and stellar population age. We find morphology to be an important factor in the large scatter in M-dust/M-star (similar to 2 orders of magnitude). Quiescent spirals exhibit strong evolutionary trends of specific dust mass with M-star, stellar age, and galaxy size, in contrast to the little to no evolution experienced by ellipticals. When transitioning from solar to super-solar metallicities (8.7 less than or similar to 12 +log(O/H) less than or similar to 9.1), quiescent spirals undergo a reversal in M-dust/M-star, indicative of a change in dust production efficiency. By modelling the star formation histories of our objects, we unveil a broad dynamical range of post-quenching timescales (60 Myr < t(quench) < 3.2 Gyr). We show that M-dust/M-star is highest in recently quenched systems (t(quench) < 500 Myr), but its further evolution is non-monotonic, as a consequence of different pathways for dust formation, growth, or removal on various timescales. Our data are best described by simulations that include dust growth in the ISM. While this process is prevalent in the majority of galaxies, for similar to 15% of objects we find evidence of additional dust content acquired externally, most likely via minor mergers. Altogether, our results strongly suggest that prolonged dust production on a timescale of 0.5-1 Gyr since quenching may be common in dusty quiescent galaxies at intermediate redshifts, even if their gas reservoirs are heavily exhausted (i.e. cold gas fraction <1-5%).
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galaxies: evolution,galaxies: formation,galaxies: ISM
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要点】:本文通过hCOSMOS光谱红移调查,研究了过去六十亿年间中间红移处545个静寂星系尘埃含量的演化,揭示了星系熄灭后尘埃生成、增长与移除的复杂机制。

方法】:作者使用了hCOSMOS调查的观测数据,对静寂星系的尘埃、恒星和金属丰度进行了系统评估,分析了特定尘埃质量(M-dust/M-star)与气体相金属licity (Z(gas))、熄灭时间(t(quench))、恒星质量(M-star)和恒星群体年龄之间的关系。

实验】:通过分析中间红移区静寂星系的尘埃生命周期关键指标,本文展示了不同形态的星系在M-dust/M-star上的演化趋势,并使用恒星形成历史模型揭示了熄灭后时间的广泛范围。实验数据与包含ISM中尘埃增长的模拟最为吻合,且约15%的样本显示出可能通过小规模合并获得额外尘埃的证据。