Probiotics Intervention in Preventing Conversion of Impaired Glucose Tolerance to Diabetes: the PPDP Follow-on Study.

Objectives:The purpose of this study was to assess the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) after 6 years in patients with IGT who received early probiotic intervention in the Probiotics Prevention Diabetes Program (PPDP) trial.Methods:77 patients with IGT in the PPDP trial were randomized to either probiotic or placebo. After the completion of the trial, 39 non-T2DM patients were invited to follow up glucose metabolism after the next 4 years. The incidence of T2DM in each group was assessed using Kaplan-Meier analysis. The 16S rDNA sequencing technology was used to analyze gut microbiota's structural composition and abundance changes between the groups.Results:The cumulative incidence of T2DM was 59.1% with probiotic treatment versus 54.5% with placebo within 6 years, there was no significant difference in the risk of developing T2DM between the two groups (P=0.674).Conclusions:Supplemental probiotic therapy does not reduce the risk of IGT conversion to T2DM.Clinical Trial Registration:https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=5543, identifier ChiCTR-TRC-13004024.