Holographic Einstein rings of a Gauss-Bonnet AdS black hole

Based on the AdS/CFT correspondence, we studied the holographic Einstein images of a Gauss-Bonnet AdS black hole in the bulk from a given response function on one side of the AdS boundary, where the response function is generated by the source on other side of the AdS boundary. For the absolute amplitude of total response function, it shows that there always exists the interference pattern when the scalar wave propagates in the bulk spacetime and diffracts under the action of the gravitational body. The absolute amplitude depends closely on the properties of the source and spacetime geometry. More importantly, one can find that the holographic images always appears as a ring with the concentric stripe surrounded when the observer located at the north pole, and an extremely bright ring appears at the position of the photon sphere of the black hole. With the change of observation position, this ring will change into a luminosity-deformed ring, or $2+$ light points. In addition, the effects of black hole, wave source and optical system on the holographic images have also been further explored. These results imply that the holographic images can be used as an effective tool to distinguish different types of black holes for the fixed wave source and optical system.