Dynamic microbial community composition, co-occurrence pattern and assembly in rhizosphere and bulk soils along a coniferous plantation chronosequence

•Soil microbial community structure was more influenced by the effect of stand ages.•The bacterial network changed more complexity during plantation development.•Fungal network complexity increased from bulk soil to rhizosphere.•Dispersal limitation governed the bacterial and fungal community assembly.•Soil total phosphorus regulating the keystone species in microbial network.