Optimal placement of distributed generation based on DISCO’s financial benefit with loss and emission reduction using hybrid Jaya–Red Deer optimizer

The optimal location of distributed generation (DG) is a critical challenge for distribution firms in order to keep the distribution network running smoothly. The optimal placement of DG units is an optimization challenge in which the objective function is to maximize distribution firms’ financial benefit owing to reduced active power losses and emissions in the network. Bus voltage limits and feeder thermal limits are considered as constraints. To overcome the problem of trapping the solution toward the local optimal point and to achieve strong local and global searching capabilities, a new hybrid Jaya–Red Deer optimizer is proposed as an optimization approach in this study to determine the best placement and size of distributed generating units. In the MATLAB environment, the suggested method is implemented on IEEE 15 and PG & E 69 bus distribution systems and validated with Red Deer Optimizer, Dragonfly Algorithm, Genetic Algorithm, Particle Swarm Optimization, Jaya Algorithm and Black Widow Optimizer. Based on the simulation results, distribution firms may operate their networks with the greatest financial advantage by properly positioning and sizing their DG units.