Nematicidal phytochemicals against pine wood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (nematoda: aphelenchoididae)

AS the major causative agent of pine wilt disease, pine wood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus can result in rapid and massive deaths of pine forest, and even severe economy burdens globally. Botanical nematicides are the promising alternatives of the synthetic commercial nematicides which are causing more and more concerns such as drug resistance, threats to biodiversity and environmental pollution. In this review, we summarized the main nematicidal plant secondary metabolites against pine wood nematode including alkaloids, terpenoids, coumarins, flavonoids and glycosides. The chemical structures of the typical nematicidal phytochemicals with their activity index against pine wood nematode were illustrated, and the structure–activity relation and the action mode of the nematicidal phytochemicals were discussed, which will support future works on discovery of novel potent natural nematicides and the derivatives of natural products with higher nematicidal activity against pine wood nematode.