Alternations of Vitamin D and Cognitive Function in First-Diagnosed and Drug-Naïve BD Patients: Physical Activity As a Moderator.

Background: The pathophysiological mechanism of cognitive impairments of bipolar disorder (BD) has not yet been completely revealed. It is well known that Vitamin D and physical activity (PA) are associated with BD. However, specific links between Vitamin D and cognitive deficits in BD are still unclear.Method: The serum levels of vitamin D were measured. The cognitive performances of 102 first-diagnosed and drug-naive BD patients were evaluated for analysis. The repeatable battery for the assessment of neuropsycho-logical status (RBANS) and the Stroop Color-Word test was used in this study. PA was collected by international physical activity questionnaire.Result: Patients with BD had high levels of serum vitamin D. Furthermore, immediate and delayed memory was negatively associated with vitamin D levels in patients' group. The serum levels of vitamin D in patients with low PA were positively associated with memory. However, increased PA attenuated the protective effect of vitamin D on executive cognition.Conclusion: It is concluded that the increased levels of vitamin D were observed in the serum of patients with BD. Thus, it is found that more PA is less beneficial to cognition of patients with BD than longer resting.