Health Literacy and Treatment Satisfaction Among Patients with Venous Thromboembolism

Background Venous thromboembolism (VTE) treatment requires complex management, and patients with limited health literacy (HL) may perceive higher burden and lower benefits associated with their treatment. Objective To examine the association of HL with treatment satisfaction among patients with VTE. Design Retrospective cohort study Participants Kaiser Permanente Southern and Northern California members who were taking oral anticoagulants (OAC) for incident VTE between 2015 and 2018 were surveyed. Main Measures HL was assessed using a 3-item HL assessment and dichotomized as having adequate or limited HL. High treatment burden and low treatment benefit were defined as Anti-Clot Treatment Scale (ACTS) scores below the 25th percentile of the distributions for ACTS Burdens and Benefits survey components, respectively. Using Poisson regression, multivariable adjusted risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated for the association of HL with high treatment burden and low treatment benefits. Results Among 2154 respondents, 397 (18.4%) had limited HL. Patients with limited vs adequate HL were older (47.9% vs 27.5% aged >= 75 years, p<0.001), more likely to use a non-English language when discussing their health (10.8% vs 1.7%, p<0.001), to have less than high school education (10.1% vs 1.7%, p<0.001), and to self-rate their health as fair or poor (47.6% vs 25.5%, p<0.001). After multivariable adjustment, patients with limited HL were more likely to have higher perceived treatment burden (RR 1.24, 95% CI 1.07, 1.45) and lower perceived treatment benefits (RR 1.21, 95% CI 1.08, 1.37). Conclusions Limited HL was associated with lower OAC treatment satisfaction, though absolute differences in satisfaction scores were small. Further examination of the intersection of HL with VTE treatment satisfaction and compliance among older and non-English speaking patients is warranted.