髋部骨折围术期区域阻滞的解剖学研究进展

Objective:To summarize the progress of hip joint innervation and regional block methods for perioperative analgesia in patients with hip fracture.Methods:The keywords "髋部骨折" "神经阻滞" "髋关节" "神经支配" "解剖" "髂筋膜" "hip fracture" "nerve block" "hip joint" "innervation" "anatomy" and "fascia iliaca" were used to identify related articles published before November 2021 in CNKI, WanFang database, Web of Science, and PubMed. A total of 1 772 articles were identified, of which 43 were finally included after excluding nonconforming articles in terms of content, repeated studies, studies with design defects, and articles without available full texts. Two anatomical books were consulted.Results:Hip fracture surgery involves the skin, muscle, and bone, as well as innervation from the lumbar plexus, sacral plexus, and spinal nerves. Fascia iliaca compartment block, femoral nerve block combined with femoral lateral cutaneous nerve block, and obturator nerve block can provide satisfactory postoperative analgesia.Conclusion:Hip fracture innervation is reliable, and regional block can provide good anesthetic and analgesic effects.