Multi-performance optimization on hard-turning for improving the product quality of high-chromium stainless steel

As steel continues to expand its current range with stronger, more ductile automotive brands, automakers are turning their attention to this. The future of vehicle weight reduction does not require a shift to alternative material systems and a complete overhaul of existing manufacturing infrastructure. When it comes to enhancing surface quality and dimensional accuracy in hardened steel, hard turning technology has been shown to be quite effective. In order to do this, it is employed in some important aviation components where the material hardness surpasses 45 HRC, such as 300 M ultra high strength steel, for finishing operations. In this context, this study focuses on optimizing cutting conditions in hard turning to reduce surface roughness, roundness, energy consumption, tool wear, and increase MRR. To this end, an experimental design (DoE) is used to study the effect of specimens with processing conditions such as cryogenic, heat-treated and obtained, cutting speed (V), feed rate (f), depth of cut (D), and heat treatment for hard turning. The L9 orthogonal matrix was performed using multiple response gray-relational analysis (GRA), and ANOVA was performed with individual characteristics and their effects.