Cisplatin and Paclitaxel-Loaded Liposomes Induced Cervical Cancer (hela) Cell Death with Multiple Copies of Human Papillomavirus by Apoptosis and Decreased Their Cytotoxic Effect on Non-Tumor Cells

In the research and development of new anticancer treatments, nanotechnology is a powerful tool in the fight against cancer. Considering that cancer is a global health problem, we co-encapsulated cisplatin (CP) and paclitaxel (PTX) in liposomes and evaluated their cytotoxicity in fibroblasts (NIH3T3) and HeLa cells containing multiple copies of human papillomavirus 18 (HeLa-HPV18). CP and PTX were successfully encapsulated into liposomes with a particle size distribution < 180 nm, poly dispersion index (PDI) < 0.2, spherical morphology, high negative zeta potential, and encapsulation efficiency of 59% (CP), 88% (PTX) and 57% + 87% (CP + PTX). FTIR suggests that the drugs were successfully encapsulated in liposomes. The liposomes ensured a higher cytotoxic effect on HeLa-HPV18 cells and a smaller cytotoxic effect on NIH3T3 cells when the drugs were encapsulated. In addition, combined treatment with CP and PTX encapsulated in liposomes ensured a synergic effect between the drugs, inducing cell death by apoptosis.