Micro-deformation Monitoring Technology and Optimization Method for the Rail Surface of High-Speed Railway Operation Lines with Adjacent Constructions

The construction demand and engineering works of adjacent high-speed railway operation lines have gradually increased with the rapid increase in high-speed railway operating miles in China. However, related technologies to directly monitor the micro-deformation of rail surfaces during construction are lacking. Therefore, developing a reliable and easy-to-operate rail surface micro-deformation monitoring technology is essential to ensure the safety of high-speed railway operation lines. This study aimed to establish an intelligent monitoring method for micro-deformation of rail surfaces based on Leica TS30 automatic monitoring system, micro-precision prisms, and automatic meteorological correction function. At the same time, a three-dimensional spatial layout optimization scheme considering oblique distance, horizontal angle, and zenith distance was proposed based on the error transfer calculation theory to improve the monitoring accuracy. Finally, the feasibility of the scheme was verified based on the actual working conditions. The technology could realize automatic continuous monitoring. In the actual implementation process, it could effectively ensure the safety of high-speed railway operations. Its reliability was better, and it was easy to operate. It further enriched and improved the existing technical specification for the safety monitoring of operating railway infrastructure with adjacent construction.