Phase 2 randomized trial of neoadjuvant or palliative chemotherapy with or without immunotherapy for peritoneal mesothelioma (Alliance A092001).

TPS8598 Background: Peritoneal mesothelioma is a rare and poorly studied disease with few treatment options. For patients who are not surgical candidates, treatment recommendations for systemic therapy have been extrapolated from clinical trials for pleural mesothelioma that commonly exclude patients with peritoneal mesothelioma. Recently, the combination of the PD-1 inhibitor nivolumab and the CTLA-4 inhibitor ipilimumab received FDA-approval for the frontline treatment of non-resectable pleural mesothelioma. Additionally, a prospective, non-randomized phase 2 trial demonstrated activity with combined PD-L1 (atezolizumab) and VEGF (bevacizumab) blockade in peritoneal mesothelioma. In parallel, encouraging activity with combined chemo-immunotherapy has been reported in pleural mesothelioma. Given the benefits observed with immunotherapy, and the potential to improve upon those with chemotherapy and VEGF inhibition, we seek to determine whether the addition of the PD-L1 inhibitor atezolizumab improves outcomes with chemotherapy and bevacizumab in patients with newly diagnosed peritoneal mesothelioma. Methods: A092001 is a prospective, randomized phase 2 clinical trial. All patients with newly diagnosed peritoneal mesothelioma will be randomized 1:1 using a dynamic allocation Pocock-Simon procedure to receive carboplatin, pemetrexed, and bevacizumab, with or without atezolizumab, every 21 days for four cycles. Patients who are eligible to proceed with surgery after four cycles of therapy will then do so. Patients who are not eligible to proceed with surgery may receive maintenance bevacizumab and atezolizumab, or second-line atezolizumab with bevacizumab until progression of disease or toxicity. The primary objective is to determine whether frontline treatment with carboplatin, pemetrexed, bevacizumab and atezolizumab results in a superior best response rate (RR) to carboplatin, pemetrexed and bevacizumab as determined by RECIST. With 31 eligible patients per arm (62 eligible total), this randomized design has 80% power to detect an improvement in the RR from 20% to 45%, with a 1-sided significance level of 0.10 where an interim futility analysis will be conducted after 32 patients are enrolled. As stratification factors we have included eligibility for cytoreductive surgery at diagnosis, and histologic subtype. Secondary endpoints include assessment of progression-free survival, overall survival, and adverse events. As integrated biomarkers, we will determine if soluble mesothelin-related peptides and megakaryocyte potentiating factor correlate with responses. This trial was recently approved by the National Cancer Institute Central IRB and is activating at sites across the country. Support: U10CA180821, U10CA180882. Clinical trial information: NCT05001880.