Lagrangian Magneto-Hydrodynamics Based On Curvilinear Finite Elements

The magneto-hydrodynamic model is widely used for description of magnetized fluids in plasma dynamics, microfluidics, astrophysics and many other applications. In terms of modelling, the Lagrangian formulation is favourable for the rapid expansion during laser­target interaction for example. This is the case for inertial fusion and laboratory astrophysics applications, which are our primary interest. However, the proposed numerical method remains general and can be applied elsewhere. The conservation properties and divergence-free magnetic field are crucial aspects, which are not satisfied by the traditional numerical schemes. Here, the Lagrangian hydrodynamics using curvilinear finite elements is extended to the resistive magneto-hydrodynamics. An energy-conserving numerical scheme is formulated maintaining divergence-free magnetic field. The mixed finite element formulation provides theoretically arbitrary order of the spatial convergence and application on unstructured Lagrangian grids in multiple dimensions. An example of a physically relevant numerical simulation is presented.