Current Concepts of the Mineralization of Type I Collagen in Vertebrate Tissues
Vertebrate Skeletal Histology and Paleohistology(2021)
Abstract
The skeleton and teeth of vertebrates are essential with respect to a large number of critical functional activities. These include mechanical support and protection of soft tissues and organs; locomotion and flight; mastication and feeding; detection of sound; maintenance of balance; and ion, trace element and small molecule storage among several other considerations. Underlying such functions is the fundamental association between a prevalent organic component, a fibrillar protein, collagen, and an inorganic constituent, a mineral of calcium phosphate, to form a composite structure with physical, chemical and biomechanical properties that sustain bone, dentin, cementum and mineralizing cartilage and tendon in vertebrates. The interactions of collagen and mineral are intriguing and the subject of intense studies. This chapter first details the basic knowledge of several aspects of collagen structure, synthesis, secretion and self-assembly. In a well recognized model of type I collagen mineralization, the avian leg tendon, this chapter describes intrafibrillar and interfibrillar deposition of mineral in collagen; the roles of bone sialoprotein, osteopontin and osteocalcin, three other proteins associated with collagen-mineral formation; and possible temporal-spatial relations between interfibrillar and intrafibrillar mineralization. Concluding remarks summarize findings and suggest future experimental directions to gain additional insight into collagen-mineral interactions in vertebrate tissues. Please submit the completed PVF and permission grants received to Taylor and Francis – Ana Lucia Eberhart Tel: (561) 430-4835 - Email: analucia.eberhart@taylorandfrancis.com
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Key words
collagen,mineralization,tissues
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