Bio-actives from Caesalpinia sappan L.: Recent advancements in phytochemistry and pharmacology

•C. sappan is well known for its various industrial applications.•Newly isolated compounds from C. sappan consist of diterpene, homoisoflavones, and phenolics.•Bioactive compounds from C. Sappan exhibit various bioactivities.•C. sappan bioactive compounds also provide organ protection effect.•Toxicity of C. sappan extract should be considered while formulating herbal medicine.