Identification of stable sources for low phosphorus conditions from groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) germplasm accessions using GGE biplot analysis

Groundnut genotypes consisting of 83 Spanish and 76 Virginia germplasm accessions were evaluated under treatments having with and without phosphorus (P) application for two consecutive years and analysed using GGE-biplot analysis. The first two principal components (PC1 and PC2) of GGE-biplot explained 46.8% and 31.6% of variation respectively in Spanish and 59.1% and 27.3% of variation respectively in the Virginia group. Genotypes having PC1 scores 0 are adaptable and high yielding whereas those with PC1 scores <0 are non-adaptable and low yielding. Similarly, genotypes with PC2 scores near zero are stable and those with absolute larger PC2 scores are unstable. Treatment with phosphorus (MP) application was more discriminative while the treatment without P application was more representative and genotype NRCG-12296 (43) in Spanish and genotypes NRCG-11760 (9) and NRCG-14325 (27) in Virginia were ideal with high yield and stability across both with and without phosphorus (P) applications.