1,4 NQ-BC Nanoparticles Impair Mitochondria and Lysosomes in THP1 Cells by Proteomics Analysis

Black carbon (BC) was the strongest light-absorbing component in particulate matter (PM), and formed by incomplete combustion of diesel, coal, biofuels and outdoor biomass. BC is an important component of atmospheric PM and the second largest contributor to global warming. Secondary particles are particles formed by re-reaction in the atmosphere. 1,4-naphthoquinone coated BC (1,4 NQ-BC) can be used as a secondary particle with great research value, so we chose 1,4 NQ-BC as the research object. In our study, mitochondria and lysosomes were selected as the target to confirm whether they were impaired by 1,4 NQ-BC, meanwhile proteomics technology, fluorescent probe technology, qRT-PCR and Western blot were used to further extrapolate the mechanism of 1,4 NQ-BC toxicity. We found that 494 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in mitochondria and 86 DEPs in lysosomes using proteomics analysis in THP1 cells after 1,4 NQ-BC exposure for 24 h. Through proteomics analysis and related experiments, we found that 1,4 NQ-BC can damage THP-1-M cells by obstructing autophagy, increasing lysosomal membrane permeability, disturbing the balance of ROS, and reducing mitochondrial membrane potential. It is worth noting that FTL could regulate the expression of IL-33 as an upstream regulator of IL-33. In addition, cell death patterns, mineral absorption, abnormal level of ROS and FTL/POR/IL-33 axis can be used as the research direction to further study the damage mechanism of 1,4 NQ-BC on THP-1-M cells. Our research will enrich the damage mechanism of 1,4 NQ-BC on human macrophages and provide important therapeutic targets and adverse outcome pathway for 1,4 NQ-BC induced damage.Funding Information: The study was supported by the Earmarked Fund for (No. 82173470).Declaration of Interests: The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest.