INCIDENCE AND RISK FACTORS FOR ACUTE POSTOPERATIVE RENAL FAILURE

Abstract Background and Aims Postoperative acute renal failure (AKI) is a particular form of acute failure with several triggers. Decreased renal blood flow and the resulting ischemia seem to be the most common cause of kidney damage. The objective was to study the incidence and risk factors associated with post-operative AKI. Method It was a retrospective, descriptive study spanning a 3-year period from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2019. The patients in this series were admitted to the various surgical departments. Results Our study included 618 cases of AKI. The incidence of postoperative AKI was 8.73%. The average age of our patients was 40.4 +/- 12.3 years, a male predominance with a sex ratio of 1.2. The main history was diabetes found in 39%, hypertension in 27.5% and an injection of contrast product a few days before the intervention in 14.5%. General surgery topped the list in 49.5% of our patients, followed by trauma in 25%, gyneco-obstetrics in 14.5%, and 11% for the rest of the surgeries. The associated risk factors were: hypovolemic shock, diabetes, severe sepsis. Conclusion The occurrence of acute renal failure in the postoperative period results from factors related to the field and surgery. Hence the need for early identification of risk situations, in order to reduce the incidence of renal damage during the perioperative period.