Enhancing Application Efficiency of Pseudomonas SPP. and Serratia marcescens Isolates against Meloidogyne incognita in Tomato Plants.

To preserve environmental resources and ensure their sustainability, the search for natural and safe alternatives for controlling pests that attack crops is an urgent necessity. So, the feasibility evaluation of applying plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) isolates as self-reproducing bioagent in controlling root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne incognita is needed, and compare their effect with traditional control methods in the laboratory and greenhouse. Obtained data revealed that egg masses hatching was inhibited by 64.51% when treated with Pseudomonas putida/fluorescens isolates, while, decreased to 39.34%with Serratia marcescens isolates treatment. While the larvicidal effect of Pseudomonas isolates was 99.34% and 88.36 in S. marcescens isolates treatments. The tested PGPB showed mediated ovicidal and larvicide lower than oxamyl and higher than composted cattle manure extract (CCME) with surpassing the larvicidal effect. In the greenhouse experiment, all tomato growth parameters measurement data increased especially in treatments: the combination of PGPB isolates + CCM followed by P. putida/fluorescens + S. marcescens isolates then oxamyl treatment and the lowest increases were the CCM treatment. The inoculation of the tested PGPB isolates + CCM and oxamyl application reduced highly galling reduction percentage and reproduction (IJs/100 g soil) of M. incognita as compared withCCM with a percent reduction of 50.52% (86.07), 58.71% (77.78), and 24.99% (46.26), respectively. Therefore, the results confirm the feasibility and effectiveness of mixing PGPB isolates with manure or its derivatives, better than the individual application of PGPB or manure. The inoculation of the tested PGPB isolates + CCM and oxamyl application reduced highly galling reduction percentage and reproduction (IJs/100 g soil) of M. incognita as compared withCCM with a percent reduction of 50.52% (86.07), 58.71% (77.78), and 24.99% (46.26), respectively. Therefore, the results confirm the feasibility and effectiveness of mixing PGPB isolates with manure or its derivatives, better than the individual application of PGPB or animal manure.