MicroRNA Levels in Hemodialysis Patients Following Resistance Training: Associations with Functional Performance, Inflammatory Profile, Sestrins-2, and Nitric Oxide.

Objective: Investigate the effects of long-term resistance training (RT) on expression of the four selected microRNAs (miRNA or mir) and further association with biomarkers related to functional performance in older end stage renal disease (ESRD) patients undergoing hemodialysis.& nbsp;Methods: Twenty-five older hemodialysis patients (glomerular filtration rate < 15 mL/min/1.73 m2 aged 68.28 & PLUSMN; 1.06) were recruited for the study. Patients were allocated to two groups (control, n = 12 and RT, n = 13). The RT group completed 24 weeks of training, with sessions held three times per week on alternate days. Blood samples were collected pre-and post-intervention for miRNA and biochemical assays. Results were considered significant at P < 0.05.& nbsp;Results: RT promoted benefits in inflammatory profile, nitric oxide, sestrins-2, anthropometric data, and functional performance. Trained subjects presented a 51% decrease in miRNA-31 after intervention. In addition, miRNA-1 increased 128% after RT protocol. miRNA-1 significantly correlated with functional performance, inflammatory profile, sestrins-2, and nitric oxide (all P < 0.05).& nbsp;Conclusions: These results suggest that the upregulation of miRNA-1 could be associated with physiological benefits promoted by RT in hemodialysis patients, providing novel understanding for potential regulatory miRNA effects on physiological RT response. These findings might point out to strategic direction for future studies.