Influence of the Incoming Flow Velocity to the Error of the Orientation Angle of a Horizontal-Axial Wind Turbine

Due to the increasing use of renewable sources for generating electricity and the large-scale operation of wind power plants, the problem of efficient use of wind energy arises. An analysis of the most common horizontal-axial wind turbines (HAWT) shows that this type of installation has some disadvantages. One of these disadvantages is the need to ensure the collinearity of the rotor axis of the WT and the wind direction. Failure to comply with this requirement in the operation of WT leads to a decrease in efficiency due to inadequate use of wind potential. To ensure the alignment of the wind direction and the rotor, the WT uses a yaw control system based on an anemorumbometer. However, when the WT rotor rotates, there is a deviation of the air flow due to the bending of the moving WT blade. As a result, the anemorumbometer located in the upper part of the WT nacelle behind the rotating rotor determines the wind direction with some error, which is why the yaw control system turns the wind turbine rotor with some deviation from the optimal direction, which leads to a decrease in the efficiency of wind energy conversion. The aim of the presented work is to study the flow of air flow behind the rotor to determine the magnitude of the resulting error in various modes of operation of the WT.