Gas-to-particle Conversion of Sulfur in Power Plant Plumes—iii. Parameterization of Plumecloud Interactions

Long-range plume transport-transformation models generally require bulk rates of chemical transformations averaged over plume segments whose spatial-temporal scales exceed those of most clouds. There arises, therefore, the need to average out over the entire plume segment the effect of processes occurring quite rapidly in random and discrete clouds which occupy only parts of the segment. An attempt is made in this paper to quantify the relationship between the fast in-cloud sulfate formation rate (KtL) and the slower bulk sulfate formation rate by liquid phase mechanisms in an entire plume segment (KtL).