Clinical and Investigation Profile of Patient of Symptomatic Cholelithiasis Presenting in a Tertiary Level Institute at IGMC, Shimla

Cholelithiasis is one of the most common surgical conditions affecting gastrointestinal tract in North India and cholecystectomy is one of the most common surgery performed. Present study was performed to assess the clinical and investigational profile of symptomatic cholelithiasis patients at IGMC Shimla. Aims and Objectives: This study was done to evaluate the Clinical and Investigation Profile of Patient of symptomatic Cholelithiasis Presenting In a Tertiary Level Institute. Material and Methods: The study was conducted in 100 patients who underwent cholecystectomy for symptomatic gallstones in the Department of Surgery over a period of one year from July 2014 to June 2015. Patients were assessed for clinical presentations as well as investigational profile. Results: Females were more commonly affected by gallstones with main presentations being pain abdomen, epigastric fullness, dyspepsia , nausea and vomiting. Ultrasound detected cholelithiasis in all patients and concurrent choledocholithiasis occur in 3% patients for which MRI and MRCP was the best investigation to detect choledocholithiasis. Conclusion: Cholelithiasis was most commonly seen in females in 4th and 5th decades and the main presenting complaints were pain in abdomen and dyspepsia, nausea and vomiting. Ultrasound is the preferred imaging modality for cholelithiasis with MRI and MRCP abdomen reserved for suspected choledocolithiaisis cases. Introduction Cholelithiasis is one of the most common surgical condition affecting gastrointestinal tract in North India and cholecystectomy is one of the most common surgery performed. (1) Human bile is normally sterile. However in biliary tract obstruction bacteria may gain access to the biliary tract through papilla of vater or portal circulation. Systemic bacteremia may occur in severe cases. In 85 -95 % of cases inflammation of gall bladder is associated with calculi. (2) Whether the stones represent a cause or effect has not been established. Persistent infection of biliary tract is one of the causes of gall stone formation. Incidence of gallstone disease is on a rise globally due to the vast changes in the dietary habits , life style changes associated with high junk diet consumption and increase sedentary lifestyle (3) . Its http://jmscr.igmpublication.org/home/ ISSN (e)-2347-176x ISSN (p) 2455-0450 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v9i7.02