Acute and Chronic Hepatitis

1. What is the primary function of a liver biopsy in a patient with chronic hepatitis? A. To determine the etiology B. To determine the grade of inflammation and the stage of fibrosis C. To survey for cancer D. To prognosticate the need for liver transplantation 2. Which statement about hepatitis A is FALSE? A. The severity of the clinical course correlates inversely with age B. It is predominantly transmitted by the fecal-oral route C. Vaccination is highly protective D. Infected individuals are infectious to others before they have clinical jaundice 3. Which of the following statements is true regarding hepatitis B virus infection? A. Causes hepatic damage through direct cytolytic effects B. Has a perinatal transmission rate of approximately 5% if the mother is HBeAg+ and no prophylaxis is provided C. Is more likely to become chronic in Asian than in Caucasian infants D. Is associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) even in the absence of cirrhosis 4. What is the primary indication for treatment of chronic hepatitis B in children? A. Family history of HCC B. Persistent viremia (HBV-DNA) level greater than 105 IU/mL C. Persistent elevation of ALT level D. Genotype B infection 5. Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding acute hepatitis C in children? A. May resolve completely without treatment B. Progresses to chronic hepatitis in less than 50% of cases C. Requires urgent treatment D. Is most often symptomatic with jaundice and malaise 6. The diagnostic criteria for autoimmune hepatitis include which of the following? A. Presence of other autoimmune diseases B. Positive antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) C. Liver biopsy with portal lymphoid nodules D. Exclusion of viral hepatitis 7. Which is NOT a histologic feature of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis? A. Mixed macro and microvesicular steatosis B. Hepatocyte ballooning C. Portal lymphocytic inflammation D. Bile duct injury