Bioprotective and Functional Effect of Carnosine on Sepsis Induced Renal Damage in Male Albino Rat Model through Targeting IL-1 and TNF- Production

Acute kidney injury (AKI), one of the frequently diagnosed and serious sepsis induced complication has high morbidity and mortality. The present study investigated the bioprotective and functional effect of carnosine on AKI induced pathological damage in male albino rat model in vivo. AKI in albino rats was induced by cecal ligation and puncture surgery where as TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta levels were detected using ELISA assay. Protein expression was examined by western blotting and pathological damage using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E). Treatment with carnosine suppressed AKI induced urea nitrogen and creatinine in male albino rat serum in dose-dependent manner. Development of sepsis mediated renal injury in albino rats was also effectively prevented on treatment with carnosine. Secretion of AKI-induced IL-1 beta, IL-18 and TNF-alpha in renal tissues was alleviated significantly in albino rats by carnosine treatment. Additionally, in carnosine-treated albino rats renal tissues AKI induced Bax expression was alleviated while as Bcl-2 was promoted compared to AKI albino rats. Carnosine treatment improved the survival rate of the albino rats with AKI. Carnosine inhibits renal tissue damage and increases survival rate in AKI albino rat model. The mechanism involves alleviation of inflammatory cytokine secretion and promotion of Bcl2 expression. Thus, carnosine may be used as a therapeutic agent for treatment of AKI.