Impact of COVID-19 on Different Organ Systems and Prognosis: A Scoping Review

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by the novel virus SARS-CoV-2, has swept across the globe, affecting almost every country. The death toll resulting from COVID-19 continues to rise as it is highly contagious, and currently, there is no definite treatment available. As SARS-CoV-2 is transmitted mainly through droplets, the lungs are the primary organ to be damaged with diffuse alveolar involvement. Moreover, failure of other organ systems leading to myositis, disseminated intravascular coagulation and acute kidney injury has also been reported. Besides, cytokine storm has been hypothesized as a potentially life-threatening complication of COVID-19. In this review, we aim to compile the current knowledge about the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on various organ systems and the prognosis. This will help in early identification of complications and appropriate intervention of COVID-19 cases to increase the survival rate.