Fruit Juice of Garcinia Indica Choisy Modulates Dyslipidemia and Lipid Metabolism in Cafeteria Diet Based Rat Model

There is a significant rise in the incidences of dyslipidemia, leading to obesity. The therapeutics available for dyslipidemia are limited and associated with major side-effects. Thereby, researchers are shifting towards nutraceuticals compounds. In the current study, Garcinia indica Choisy, which is an endemic species of Western Ghats of India was evaluated for its anti-dyslipidemic properties in cafeteria diet fed obese rat model. Firstly, cafeteria diet fed rat model was developed and validated. After successful development of the model, the rats were orally fed with 1 ml G. indica fruit juice for 4 weeks and parameters such as OGTT, lipid profile, hormone levels of insulin and leptin, HMG CoA reductase and LCAT enzyme activities and toxicity parameters were evaluated. Identification and quantification of the hydroxycitric acid in G. indica fruit juice was done by HPLC method. Toxicity parameters like SGPT and creatinine were performed to evaluate the toxicity of the dose. Results showed that cafeteria diet fed animals exhibited increased body weight, increased food intake, decreased water intake, increased glucose intolerance and dyslipidemia at 10 weeks. Treatment with G. indica fruit juice for 4 weeks, reduced the body weight, improved the metabolic parameters like glucose sensitivity, dyslipidemia, insulin and leptin levels and lipid metabolizing levels without causing toxicity. Oral dosage of G. indica fruit juice for 4 weeks exhibits antiobesity potential in cafeteria diet fed dyslipidemic rats. The results obtained were better than orlistat, which is a standard mode of chemotherapy for management of dyslipidemic obesity.