Basal forebrain parvalbumin neurons modulate vigilant attention
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)(2021)
摘要
Attention is impaired in many neuropsychiatric disorders[1][1] and by sleep disruption, leading to decreased workplace productivity and increased risk of accidents[2][2]–[4][3]. Thus, understanding the underlying neural substrates is important for developing treatments. The basal forebrain (BF) is a brain region which degenerates in dementia[5][4]–[7][5] and is implicated in the negative effects of sleep disruption on vigilance and cognition[8][6],[9][7]. Previous studies demonstrated that the BF controls cortical fast oscillations that underlie attention[10][8]–[12][9] and revealed the important role of cholinergic neurons[13][10]–[15][11]. However, the role of other neurochemically defined BF subtypes is unknown. Recent work has shown that one population of BF GABAergic neurons containing the calcium-binding protein parvalbumin (PV) control cortical fast oscillations and arousals from sleep[16][12]–[19][13] but their role in awake behavior is unclear. Thus, here we test the hypothesis that BF-PV neurons modulate vigilant attention in mice. A lever release version of the rodent psychomotor vigilance test (rPVT) was used to assess vigilant attention as measured by reaction time. Brief and continuous low power optogenetic excitation of BF-PV neurons (1s,473nm@5mW) that preceded the cue light signal by 0.5s improved vigilant attention as indicated by quicker reaction times. In contrast, both sleep deprivation (8h) and optogenetic inhibition of BF-PV neurons (1s,530nm@10mW) slowed reaction times. Importantly, BF-PV excitation rescued the reaction time deficits in sleep deprived mice. These findings reveal for the first time a role for BF-PV neurons in attention.
HIGHLIGHTS
### Competing Interest Statement
The authors have declared no competing interest.
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