The psychological status in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma during radiotherapy

Purpose The psychological status of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients cannot be ignored. Few studies have studied the dynamic changes and influencing factors of psychological status in NPC patients during radiotherapy. The purpose of this study was to investigate the changing trends and risk factors of anxiety and depression in NPC patients during radiotherapy. Methods Demographic and clinical data of 232 newly treated NPC patients were collected. Before radiotherapy, the fourth week, and the end of radiotherapy were observational timepoints. Anxiety and depression states were evaluated by the hospital anxiety and depression scale. Results Scores of anxiety before radiotherapy, in the fourth week and at the end of radiotherapy were 6.32 ± 3.19, 7.87 ± 3.49, and 9.08 ± 3.69, respectively ( P < 0.001). Incidence rates of anxiety were 34.0%, 55.1%, and 64.0% ( P < 0.001). Depression scores were 5.31 ± 3.19, 7.07 ± 3.63, and 8.32 ± 3.89 ( P < 0.001). Incidence rates of depression were 25.0%, 43.9%, and 56.0% ( P < 0.001). Gender, age, education level, smoking, and treatment-related toxicity scores ( P < 0.05) were independent risk factors for anxiety in patients with NPC during radiotherapy, while age, education level, and treatment-related toxicity scores ( P < 0.05) were independent risk factors for depression in these patients. Conclusion The incidence and degree of anxiety and depression in NPC patients increased during radiotherapy. Age, education level, and treatment-related side effects influenced anxiety and depression. More psychological nursing should be given to the NPC patients who are more likely to suffer from psychological distress.