Long‐term fertilisation regimes influence the diversity and community of wheat leaf bacterial endophytes

Plant endophytes exhibit an excellent ability to promote plant growth and control plant diseases. However, the influence of long-term fertilisation regimes on the diversity and community of plant endophytes has seldom been reported. In this research, Illumina MiSeq sequencing was used to investigate the effect of 34 years of different fertilisation regimes on the diversity and community of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) leaf endophytes. Results showed that different fertilisation regimes could significantly influence the diversity and community of wheat leaf endophytes. The diversity of leaf endophytes after organic manure fertilisation was different from the diversity after chemical fertilisation and no fertilisation. The endophyte community was significantly different under different fertilisation regimes. Pseudomonas has higher abundance after chemical and organic manure fertilisation than in the no fertilisation treatment. The abundance of Brevundimonas in the organic manure fertilisation treatment group is higher than in chemical and no fertilisation treatment. Redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that the endophyte communities in the chemical and organic manure fertilisation were positively correlated with wheat height, stem diameter, leaf area and yield. This research lays the foundations for understanding the diversity and community of wheat leaf endophytes under different fertilisation regimes and provides useful information for further scientific research on fertilisation.