Spectrum of Diffuse Parenchymal Lung Diseases Other Than Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Based on Clinical, Radiological and Histopathological Correlation

Background: Multiple modalities are available for diagnosis of diffuse parenchymal lung diseases. High-resolution roles computed tomography of lung was well established in formulating initial cases diagnosis with diffuse parenchymal lung diseases. Major utilities of transbronchial lung biopsy rests in making possibilities specific diagnosis diffuse parenchymal lung diseases cases and avoiding a surgical lung biopsy. Objectives and Methods: The aim of this work was to study the spectrum of diffuse parenchymal lung diseases other than idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis based on clinical, radiological and histopathological correlation. This study included 120patients with chest high resolution computed tomography signs of diffuse parenchymal lung diseases not consistent with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Flexible bronchoscopy was done with the bronchoalveolar lavage and transbronchial lung biopsy were obtained. The samples were processed for cyto-histopathology. Results: Nodular pattern (73.33%) was the most high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) predominant pattern followed by ground glass pattern (45%) and reticular pattern (26.67%). The most frequent diagnosis was sarcoidosis(40.83%) followed by hypersensitivity pneumonitis (20%). The overall diagnostic yield of transbronchial lung biopsy was 79.1% (95/120). All differential diagnoses showed extreme matching between HRCT and histopathology. Conclusion: HRCT is a non-invasive method to evaluate and diagnose patients with diffuse parenchymal lung diseases. Transbronchial lung biopsy found to have reliable yields in with diffuse parenchymal lung diseases diagnosis.