The chicken eggshell calcium oxide ultrasonically dispersed over lignite coal fly ash-based cancrinite zeolite support as a catalyst for biodiesel production
Fuel(2021)
Abstract
•Fly ash (FA) was converted into cancrinite zeolite (ZMFA) in a new rotating reactor.•Ultrasound-dispersion of eggshell CaO led to a uniform distribution over ZMFA.•Activation over 550 °C led to the formation of non-active Ca-silicate.•Optimal CaO content was 20 wt% and corresponded to the highest catalyst basicity.•FAME content of 96.5% was achieved for 2 h under moderate methanolysis conditions.
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Key words
Lignite coal fly ash,Cancrinite,Chicken eggshell,Ultrasound-assisted dispersion,Supported catalyst,Biodiesel
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