Ultracold Bose gases in disorder potentials with spatiotemporal dynamics

We use ultracold bosonic gases in optical speckle potentials to study an open quantum system with spatiotemporal dynamics on a tunable time scale. For sufficiently slow disorder dynamics, we reveal the onset of dissipation due to the dynamical environment in thermal gases, while superfluidity shields the quantum gases from the noisy environment. For faster dynamics, we observe excitations in the superfluid, indicating an interaction-dependent dynamics of the excitations competing with the external dynamics of the environment. Our findings thereby establish a platform for systematically studying open-system dynamics with a controllable dynamic disorder and spatiotemporal noise with interactions in classical and quantum regimes.