A Review of the Fossil Record of the Parrotfishes (Labroidei: Scaridae) with a Description of a New Calotomus Species from the Middle Miocene (Badenian) of Austria

The status of 7 fossil species and 6 unidentified fossil fragments, currently placed in the family Scaridae are reviewed. Of these, two fragments are considered to be scarid material, both belonging to the genus Bolbometopon SMITH, 1956. The remainder include fragments of Diodontidae, Labridae and Oplegnathidae. Most are of uncertain affinity. A new species, Calotomus preisli n. sp., from the Upper Badenian (Middle Miocene) of the Bay of Eisenstadt, Austria, is described. This new species is the first unequivocal fossil representative of the Scaridae from Europe and provides new evidence for tropical conditions in the Central Paratethys during the Upper Badenian.