Synergy of Hydrothermal and Organic Acid Washing Treatments in Chinese Fir Wood Vinegar Preparation.

Pretreatment is an effective method to change the pyrolysis behavior and improve the product properties of biomass. In this study, the effects of hydrothermal treatment (HTT) and hydrothermal treatment combined with organic acid washing (HTT-A) on Chinese fir waste (CF) pyrolysis and preparation of wood vinegar (WV) were investigated. The results indicated that HTT promoted the decomposition of hemicellulose and disrupted the chemical structure, while HTT-A partly removed the lignin as well as hemicellulose. HTT-A showed a more effective removal efficiency of alkali/alkaline earth metals (AAEMs) than HTT. Both HTT and HTT-A delayed the initial decomposition temperature but promoted the pyrolysis process. The yields of WVs increased after HTT and HTT-A, while the moisture contents reduced, obviously. HTT increased the relative contents of phenols from 47.04 to 59.85% but reduced the relative contents of acids from 24.31 to 18.38%, whereas HHT-A reduced the relative contents of phenols but increased those of aldehydes. In addition, HTT and HTT-A showed the different effects on chemical compositions of WVs, especially for phenolic and acid compounds. This study indicated that HTT and HTT-A were the efficient methods to produce WVs with target chemical components, which would be conducive to the efficient application of WVs.