Nano-porous oxide deposition on titanium alloy (grade-5) to enhance its biocompatibility along with tribological and mechanical analysis

The aim of this paper is to explicate the results concerning the surface modification of titanium grade-5 via anodisation in a sulphuric acid electrolyte. Fabrication of nanoporous oxide film structure over titanium substrate is the key requirement of this study and after anodisation realised remarkable wear-resisting strength along with improved surface hardness as compared to the untreated metal substrate. The consequence of anodising parameters for instance voltage, time, electrolytic concentration, anodic current density are monitored to determine their optimum values. Phase analysis and morphological survey of the anodised surface has been performed by XRD and SEM respectively. A nanoporous structure appeared at 0.4 M whereas XRD analysis exposed that a phase transformation from anatase to rutile occurs at 0.5 M of H2SO4. A pin-on-disc type wear test practiced to determine the wear-resisting strength of the oxide surface and showed accumulated oxide layer significantly enhance wear-resisting strength, especially abrasive wear. SEM analysis performed after wear test evident that fracture on a larger scale occurs and that large flakes are removed from the surface. Performed work raises the chances for utilisation of the nanostructured titania and make it more reliable and adaptable for further engineering as well as biomedical applications.