Impact of temperature on calendar ageing of Lithium-ion battery using incremental capacity analysis

In this paper, a calendar ageing model featuring time and temperature dependence of a Lithium-ion battery is proposed. The ageing procedure is done at a high state of charge (SoC) of 95% and the tested temperatures range from -20 degrees C to 55 degrees C. Electrochemical methods such as incremental capacity analysis (ICA) and differential voltage analysis (DVA) are used to quantify the evolution of the most important degradation modes such as conductivity loss (CL), loss of active material (LAM) and loss of lithium inventory (LLD. While the quantification methods used here are extracted from previous power cycling studies, their validity on calendar ageing data is verified, and a model of each degradation mode evolution versus time including temperature parametrization is proposed.