Predictive factors of facial palsy after parotidectomy: analysis of 166 operations

espanolObjetivos: La lesion del nervio facial es una de las complicaciones mas importantes en la cirugia de la glandula parotida. Este estudio tiene como objetivo identificar posibles factores predictivos de paralisis facial yatrogenica en la parotidectomia. Material y metodo: Se realizo un analisis retrospectivo de casos de parotidectomia en el tratamiento de tumores parotideos realizados en un instituto portugues de oncologia durante un periodo de 25 anos. Se han revisado los datos sociodemograficos, las comorbilidades del paciente, el procedimiento quirurgico y la histopatologia tumoral. Resultados: La muestra del estudio consistio en un total de 166 pacientes (86 hombres y 80 mujeres), con una edad media de 56,9 ± 16,8 anos. En 62 casos (37,4 %) se observo cierto grado de paralisis facial postoperatoria. La extension de la cirugia (rho = 0,177; p = 0,023) y el tamano del tumor (rho = 0,159; p = 0,045) mostraron una correlacion con la lesion del nervio facial. Los factores malignidad de la lesion (rho = 0,568; p Conclusiones: Los tumores de mayor tamano y con extension al lobulo profundo de la parotida se correlacionan significativamente con la paralisis facial yatrogenica. La malignidad de la lesion y una mayor extension de la cirugia se correlacionan con el sacrificio del nervio facial. EnglishObjectives: Facial nerve injury is one of the most important complications in parotid gland surgery. This study aims to identify possible predictive factors for iatrogenic facial paralysis in parotidectomy. Material and method: We performed a retrospective analysis of cases of parotidectomy in the treatment of parotid tumors carried out at a Portuguese Oncology Institute, during a period of 25 years. Socio-demographic data, patient's comorbidities, surgical procedure and tumor histopathology were reviewed. Results: The study sample consisted of a total of 166 patients (86 males and 80 females), with a mean age of 56.9 ± 16.8 years. In 62 cases (37.4 %), some degree of postoperative facial palsy was observed. The extent of surgery (rho = 0.177; p = 0.023) and tumor size (rho = 0.159; p = 0.045) showed correlation with facial nerve injury. The factors malignancy of the lesion (rho = 0.568; p Conclusions: Tumors of larger size and with extension to the deep lobe of the parotid are significantly correlated with iatrogenic facial palsy. Malignancy of the lesion and greater extension of surgery correlate with facial nerve sacrifice.