An Examination of Eating and Thinness Expectancies As Predictors of Eating Disturbances in Females: Evidence for Cultural Differences Between European American and Chinese College Students.

PURPOSE:This study sought to examine the utility of eating expectancy, thinness expectancy, and the interactive role of both, in predicting eating disturbances (viz., bulimic symptoms and drive for thinness) in European American and Chinese female college students.METHODS:A sample of 237 European American and 221 Chinese female college students completed measures of eating and thinness expectancies and eating disturbances.RESULTS:Results of hierarchical regression analyses revealed that thinness expectancy significantly predicted increases in both drive for thinness and bulimic symptoms (with these increases being greater for European Americans), whereas eating expectancy predicted increases in bulimic symptoms only. In addition, for European Americans, a significant interaction for bulimic symptoms was found, revealing a synergistic increase in bulimic symptoms for those with both a high thinness expectancy and a high eating expectancy. For Chinese, a significant interaction for drive for thinness was found, demonstrating that for those with a high thinness expectancy, a higher eating expectancy was actually associated with a lower drive for thinness.CONCLUSION:The present findings point to the value of examining for the co-presence of both expectancies in predicting eating disturbances while also highlighting cultural variations in the study of eating pathology.LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:Descriptive cross-sectional study, level V.