Frequency of Lipid Balances and Prevalence of Dyslipidemies in the Biochemistry Laboratory of the Marc Sankale Center of Dakar

Diabetes is a public health problem and according to the 2017 estimates of the (International Diabetes Federation, 2017), the number of diabetics in the world is 425 million. Diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and the 13th leading cause of death in the world (World Health Organization, 2015). It is associated with a high incidence of dyslipidemia constituting a factor aggravating atheromatous risk in this population (Fasanmade et al., 2013; Mithal et al., 2014). The goal of cardiovascular disease Diabetes mellitus associated with dyslipidemia raises the risk of complications that contribute significantly to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The objective was to describe the frequency and prevalence of dyslipidemia in diabetics to better plan followup. This was a cross-sectional, descriptive study conducted from January 1st, 2016 to December 31st, 2016 at the Marc Sankale diabetes biochemistry laboratory in Dakar. The data collected in the registry were epidemiological, study of diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular risk factors. Included in the study were all patients with at least one lipid status parameter whose results were recorded in the biochemistry laboratory register. In our study population 19.52% of patients had at least one lipid parameter in their biochemical record. The prevalence of dyslipidemia in our study population was 59.5%. The prevalence of hypercholesterolemia, low HDL cholesterol, high LDL cholesterol, hypertriglyceridemia and mixed hyperlipidemia were respectively: 52.92%; 5.63%; 43.56%; 2.48%; 2.04%. The average age of the patients was 55.83 years. The subjects aged 40 to 59 seemed to be more exposed and there was a female predominance. Diabetes is unbalanced at 52.08%. Our work reports a high prevalence of dyslipidemia in diabetics. However, it requires strengthening prevention strategies through appropriate therapeutic education and optimal balance of diabetes mellitus. K e y w o r d s