Resistance Training Improves Neuroimune Control In Hypertension: Impact Of Sex

Objectives: Compare the impact of sex on hemodynamic, neuroimmune and oxidative stress (OS) adaptations to dinamic resistance training (DRT) in hypertensive rats (SHR). Methods: 32 SHR were divided into 4 groups (n = 8): sedentary (SF) and trained (TF) females and males (SM and TM). The TF and TM groups undergoing 8 weeks of DRT. Hemodynamics, baroreflex sensitivity (BRS), cardiovascular autonomic modulation, cardiac inflammatory and OS profiles were evaluated. Results: The SM group presented higher vascular sympathetic component, lower BRS and increased hydrogen peroxide concentration and lipoperoxidation in relation to the SF group. We did not observe reduction in blood pressure (BP) after DRT, however there was an improvement in BRS in the TF compared to the SF group (bradycardic response 0.74 ± 0.09 vs. 0.48 ± 0.07 and tachycardic response 2.2 ± 0.2 vs. 1.6 ± 0.1 bpm/mmHg, respectively), which was not observed in males. The TM group showed a decrease in SBP variability (34 ± 3.5 mmHg2) and vascular sympathetic component (LF: 6 ± 1.6 mmHg2) when compared to the SM group (66 ± 4.3 and 12 ± 1.5 mmHg2, respectively). There was a reduction of IL6 in trained males (vs. SM) and an increase of IL10 and reduction of TNFα/IL10 in trained females (vs. SF). We also observed an improvement in the redox balance and a reduction of damage markers in the trained both groups. Conclusion: Despite DRT did not induce BP reduction both sex of SHR, it was associated with an improvement on BRS in trained females and a reduction on SBP variability in trained males. These autonomic changes may be triggers the anticholinergic reflex, reducing inflammation and OS. These benefits, associated with the well document effects of aerobic training, may induce reduction in target organ damage and improve prognosis in hypertension conditions. FAPESP 2015/10329–5